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(No Model.) 8 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. T. H. CHAMPION.

BLOWER FOR BOILER FURNACES.

No. 393,357. Patented Nov. 27, 1888.

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N, PETERS. Pholo-Lhhv raphor, Washingtom D. C.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

T. H. CHAMPION.

BLOWER FOR BOILER FURNACES.

N0. 393,357. PatentedNov. .27, 1888.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Orri'en.

THEODORE H. CHAMPION, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

BLOWER FOR BOILE R FURNAOES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 393,357, dated November27, 1888.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE I-I. CHAM- PION, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of the city of Minneapolis, county of Hennepin,State of Minnesota, have invented a certain new and useful Improvementin Blowers for Boiler-Furnaces, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention is in the nature of an improve ment on the mechanism shownand described in the Patent No. 362,935, issued to me, of date May 17,1887. By reference to that patent it will be seen that I introduce amass of thoroughly-commingled air and steam under the furnace-grate. Thesteam is taken from the steam-dome of the boiler and the air from anyconvenient location outside the furnace. A peculiar injector, consistingof a number of truncated cone'shaped nozzles, is set in an annularsteam-pipe, with their large ends outermost, and over each nozzle isplaced a truncated cone-shaped hood, with its large end surrounding thelarge end of the steam-nozzle. The result is that the steam passes outon divergent lines and the air enters the hood on convergent lines, andthe two are thoroughly commingled. A large conicalshaped shell encirclesthe injector, with its small end toward the furnace-grate, and isadjustable lengthwise, for the purpose of varying the focus orconverging point of the commingled mass of air and steam. The whole massof air and steam is thus forced under the grate under high pressure, andis found very effective in assisting to burn slack and other forms ofrefuse fuel. Provision is made for drawing the steam either directlyfrom the boiler to the injector, or for superheating the steam before itis passed to the injector. This construction makes a very powerful blastand quickly raises the fire to an intense heat. It is thereforedesirable to only employ the blast inter mittently.

My present invention has for its object to make the constructionselfregulating. A certain pressure is adapted as the standard, andwhenever the pressure in the boiler falls below this point the blast isturned on. When it rises to the standard pressure, it is automaticallycut off.

To this end my invention consists in the construction hereinafterdescribed, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, like letters referring to like parts throughout, Figure1 is a side elevation; Fig. 2, a vertical cross-section; Fig. 3, a planof a furnace-boiler embodying my invention, and Fig. 4. is a verticalsection of the pressure regulator.

A is the body of the furnace; B, the fire-box or combustion-chamber; O,the grate; D, the ash-pit; E, the boiler; F, the steam-dome of the same.

G- is a blast-conduit cut through one of the walls of the furnace,leading to the interior of the ash-pit.

H is my combined air and steam injector, of a construction described inmy former patent.

H is the steam-supply pipe connecting the injector with the steam-domeof the boiler.

h is a stop-cock in this pipe for regulating the supply of steam byhand, if so desired. Injector H is in the mouth of conduit G.

J is a fixed support at some point above the boiler. It may be theceiling of the boilerroom. One or more sheaves, i, are attached to thesupport J. In the pipe H, preferably on the horizontal section of thesame and in proximity to the steam-dome, is placed a cutoff and supplyvalve, K, having a stem projecting therefrom through a suitablestuffingbox, it. A pair of arms, Z- Z, are rigidly attached tothe pipeor to a sleeve mounted thereon on the opposite sides of the stuffingbox.One of these arms, as' Z, is bifurcated and extended to some littledistance above the other arm, I.

L is a lever pivoted to the arm E at one end, and bearing an adjustableweight, M, on its other or free end. This lever is held and guidedbetween the bifurcated ends of the arm Z. to the lever L between thearms I and l.

N is the regulator. It may be of any suitable construction adapted tothe purpose, and controlled either by water or steam from the boiler.The construction shown is adapted to steam; and it consists,essentially, of a fixed hollow piston having a small exhaust-duct, amovable cylinder mounted thereon, and a balanced valve for ccntrollingthe supply of steam to the interior of the piston. To a right angledextension, a, of the steam-supply pipe The stem of the valve K isattached l), I attach a val ve-scat section of pipe, 1, provided withthe valve-seat 2 and an exhaustduct, 3, leading from a point above thevalve seat. Into the top of the valve-seat section I screw a solidsection, ol. provided with a vertical stcamway, 5, on one side, and acentral slot, 6, for the passage of the valve'operating lever P, and ahollow axis below said slot for the outward passage of the valve-stem.

7 is the balanced valve located in the seat 2 and connected to the leverI by the stem 8.

9 is the hollow open-ended piston, connected by the hollow stem 10 withthe top of the intermediate section, 4. c is a weighted movable cylindermounted thereon.

1L is a cushioning-spring within the piston and bearing against theupper end of the cylinder, and 12 is a similar spring encircling thepiston-stem between the bottom of the cylinder and lower end of thepiston. The ex-, haust-duct 3 is small compared with the steamway 5, andcommunicates with a waste-pipe. (NOllSllOWlL)Theexhaust-ductorwaste-pipe may be supplied with a check-valve, if sodesired; but such a valve is not necessary. The lever P passes throughthe slot 0, and is fulcrumed at one end to some fixed support.

The valvestem is attached to this lever. On the outer end of the leveris an adjustable weight, 1). The action of this valve is that of theordinary balance-valve. YVhencver the steam in the boiler reachesacertain pressure, it will lift the weighted valve and pass into thecylinder 0. This predetermined pressure may be fixed at any standard byvarying the position of the adjustable weight.

From the top of the movable cylinder 0 a flexible connection, Q, extendsover the sheaves i, and thence to the free end of the lever L.

It is the air-supply conduit communicating below with the blast-conduitG- and having its receiving end at or near the top of the furnacewall. 1form this conduit by thick brick walls built out from the adjacentfurnace-wall, making the furnace-wall serve as the inner vertical wallof the conduit; or it may be described as set in the furuace-wall,whichis enlarged for the purpose. The outer vertical wall, r ,of this conduitis provided with a horizontal opening, S,at the bottom on a line withthe blast-conduit G, for affording access to the injector, and with adoor, T, for closing the same. The conduit R is provided with a gravityfalling valve or door, W, at its top.

The flexible connection Q, is provided with an extension, Q, attached tothe :free end of the grate. As soon, however, as the steanr pressurereaches the given standard it will overcome the weight 1), raise thevalve from its seat, and pass into the cylinder 0. The cylinder willthen rise under the steam-pressure, slacking the flexible connection,andthe valve K and door TV will fall to their limit by gravity, cutting offboth steam and partially closing the air-conduit. The door \V does notentirely close, leaving sufficient opening for supply ofthe naturaldraft. Thereafter the normal pressure will be maintained withoutmaterial variation. The instantit falls below thestandard the cylinderwill descend and the valves be opened, admitting steam and starting theinjectoruntil the pressure is restored. When the mechanism is properlyadjusted, the variation will be kept within a range of less than fivedegrees. This automatic regulation is a very material point in a blowerof this kind. Otherwise the constant attention of an attendant would berequired to turn on and off the supply of steam and air with all theconeomt taut risks of imperfect or defective control, not the least ofwhich would be the frequent loss of his fire. With my regulator the fireis constant and the fuel is used with the greatest economy.

The purpose of having the receiving end of the air-supply conduit at orabove the top of the furnace is to draw the supply from the hotteststrata of air in thefurnace-room. For the purpose offurther heating thisair the inner vertical wall of the conduit is passed as near as possibleto the fire-wall of the furnace. Heat which would otherwise be wasted isthus ntilized to raise the temperature of the airbefore it is brought incontact with the fuel, and a corresponding saving is effected.

The purpose of setting the injector within a space inclosed by heavysurrounding walls and having that part of the air-supply conduitdirectly connected to the injector formed with heavy surrounding wallsis to deaden the sound of the blast. This effect is further heightenedby having the receiving end of the air-conduit somewhat remote from theinjector. Without some such provision the loud noise made is veryobjectionable.

It will, of course, be understood that the particular form of theautomatic regulator is immaterial. All that is essential is, that theregulating device be operated by steam under boiler-pressure, and thatthe movable part of the device be connected in some suitable way withthe valves controlling the supply of steam and air to the injector.

1 It is evident that springs might be substituted in place of theweights M and 1).

1 do not herein show any means for superheating the steam beforeintroducing it under the grate; but my construction for that purposewill be found fullyset forth in my former patent, hereinbeforeidentified. My regulatoris equally applicable in either case.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is as follows:

IlO

1. Thecombination,with asteam-boilerfurnace provided with a horizontalblast-conduit through one of its walls to the ash-pit, of a verticalair-supply conduit within the enlarged walls of said furnace adjacent tothe combustion-chamber, having its receiving end at or above the top ofthe furnace, communicating below with said blast-conduit,and a combinedsteam and air injector within said blast-conduit having asteam-supplypipe communicating with the steam-space of the boiler, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination, with a steam-boiler furnace provided with ahorizontal blast: conduit through one of its walls to the ashpit, of avertical air-supply conduit within the enlarged walls of said furnaceadjacent THEODORE H. CHAMPION.

In presence of- JAS. F. WILLIAMsoN, A. H. OPSAHL.

